By Dr Wasimahmed M Sachora
Consultant Internal Medicine
Dec 15, 2025
Winter is a season most people look forward to — cosy blankets, warm drinks, and festive gatherings. However, this is also the time when viral infections significantly increase, particularly viral fever and influenza (flu). As temperatures drop, our immune system becomes more vulnerable, viruses survive longer in cold weather, and people spend more time indoors — all of which increase the risk of infections.
Because the symptoms of viral fever and flu often overlap, many people struggle to identify what they’re dealing with. Understanding the differences is essential to ensure proper care and to know when a doctor’s visit becomes necessary.
In this winter-special guide, we break down everything you need to know.
Winter creates a perfect environment for viruses to spread. Here’s why
1. Low temperatures
Cold air weakens the mucous membranes in your nose and throat, making it easier for viruses to enter.
2. Indoor crowding
People stay inside to avoid the cold, leading to more close contact — and more spread.
3. Dry air
Winter air has low humidity, helping viruses (especially flu viruses) survive longer.
4. Weaker immunity
Lack of sunlight reduces vitamin D levels and weakens immune function. As a result, viral fevers and the flu are more common in winter.
A viral fever is any fever caused by a virus. While it can happen any time, winter witnesses a significant rise due to the seasonal behaviour of viruses.
Winter viral fevers tend to show
The symptoms typically develop gradually over 2–3 days and usually last for about 3–7 days.
The flu is a specific respiratory infection caused by the influenza virus. It is highly contagious and peaks during winter because of favourable conditions for the virus to survive.
Compared to viral fever, flu symptoms come on suddenly and are usually stronger
Winter makes both viral fever and flu very common, but they aren’t the same.
1. Onset of symptoms
2. Fever severity
3. Body pain
4. Respiratory issues
5. Duration
6. Risk of complications
The winter flu can exacerbate existing conditions such as asthma and bronchitis.
Winter provides an opportunity for comforting treatments that alleviate symptoms and support recovery.
1. Warm fluids
Drink plenty of warm liquids to stay hydrated and soothe the throat.
2. Steam inhalation
Winter dryness worsens congestion. Steam inhalation can open blocked sinuses.
3. Rest and sleep
Optimal rest enables the body to strengthen its immune response and fight infections better.
4. Warm saltwater gargles
Effective in relieving sore throat discomfort, especially during the winter season.
5. Humidifiers
Running a humidifier increases moisture in the room, reducing viral transmission and easing breathing.
6. Over-the-counter medication
Paracetamol or ibuprofen can help reduce fever and body pains.
Never take antibiotics unless prescribed, as they don’t work against viruses.
Winter intensifies symptoms for individuals, and delaying treatment can lead to complications.
1. Fever lasting more than 3 days
A persistent fever during the winter months may indicate a bacterial infection, pneumonia, or complications related to seasonal flu.
2. Difficulty breathing
Cold weather can put a strain on the respiratory system. Symptoms like breathlessness or chest tightness may indicate a serious condition.
3. High fever (104°F or Above)
It requires urgent medical attention, especially in children and elderly individuals.
4. Severe headache or neck stiffness
It could be meningitis, which is more prevalent during the winter months.
5. Persistent vomiting or dehydration
Dry winter air accelerates dehydration.
6. Bluish lips or fingertips
A sign of oxygen deprivation — urgent medical evaluation is needed.
7. Sudden dizziness or confusion
May indicate severe flu complications.
8. Worsening pre-existing conditions
People with asthma, COPD, diabetes, or heart disease should see a doctor immediately if symptoms worsen in winter.
Winter is particularly harsh on young children and older adults.
Visit a doctor if a child has
For older adults, flu can quickly escalate to pneumonia. Seek medical attention if you notice
Winter prevention requires consistent habits
1. Dress warmly
Layer clothing to maintain body warmth and prevent sudden temperature shifts.
2. Stay hydrated
Winter reduces thirst, but the body still needs fluids.
3. Strengthen immunity
Eat seasonal fruits and vegetables rich in
4. Get a flu vaccine
The influenza vaccine significantly lowers risk during the winter flu season.
5. Avoid sudden exposure to cold air
Cover your nose and mouth when stepping outside.
6. Keep rooms ventilated
Indoor heating systems can trap viruses.
7. Wash hands frequently
To stop the spread of winter viruses.
Myth 1: Cold weather causes flu.
Truth: The flu virus spreads more easily in cold weather — but the cold itself doesn’t cause it.
Myth 2: You only get sick if you go outside.
Truth: Indoors is often where viruses spread the most in winter.
Myth 3: Fever means you need antibiotics.
Truth: Viral infections don’t respond to antibiotics.
Winter health starts with awareness
Winter is a beautiful season, but it’s also peak time for fever and flu. Understanding the differences between the two helps you make better decisions about your health.
Remember
With the precautions, warm clothing, hydration, and timely medical care, you can enjoy winter without falling victim to seasonal illnesses.
